By Nora Abdel Sadek

What is software?

Software refers to the set of instructions or programs that direct a computer. It enables hardware to perform tasks, from basic operations to complex business functions.

What types of operating systems does Amazon use?

Amazon uses a variety of operating systems to support its operations, and these operating systems are broad:

1. Linux (Amazon Linux, Ubuntu, Red Hat)—widely used for its scalability and flexibility in an open-source environment on AWS servers.

2. Windows Server—used for compatibility with enterprise applications and NET environments.

3. MacOS—used by some development and design teams.

4. Android/IOS—used for developing and testing applications in consumer products.

What is application software?

Application software is any program designed to perform specific tasks for a user, such as word processing, inventory management, or email communication. It is distinct from system software, which runs hardware.

What vertical, horizontal, and custom applications does Amazon use?

Vertical applications: These are designed for specific verticals or departments.

Example: Kiva's robotics management system controls Amazon's warehouse robots.

Horizontal applications: These consist of generic software used across different departments.

Examples: Microsoft Office 365, Slack, Zoom, and Salesforce.

Custom applications: These are designed internally to meet Amazon's specific needs.

Examples: Amazon Web Services (AWS) management console, automated fulfillment technology (AFT), and order processing systems.

Is the program effective?


Yes, it is, and Amazon's software system is highly efficient. It enables:

Real-time inventory and logistics tracking.

Seamless customer experience through customized interfaces.

Scalable cloud infrastructure (AWS).

Warehouse and delivery automation.

What is virtualization, and what are its three types?

Virtualization is the process of creating virtual copies of physical resources, such as servers, storage, or networks. It improves resource utilization, scalability, and system management.

Three types of virtualization:

-1Server virtualization -running multiple virtual servers on a single physical server.

-2Desktop virtualization -accessing a remote desktop environment.

-3Storage virtualization -consolidating multiple storage devices into a single system.

Does Amazon use virtualization?

Yes, it does. Amazon is a leader in virtualization through AWS. Services like EC2 (Elastic Cloud Computing) allow customers to run virtual servers (instances). Virtualization is a key component of AWS's ability to scale and support millions of users worldwide.

Can you do this (virtualization)?

Yes, individuals and small businesses can use virtualization using tools like:

VMware

Virtual Box

AWS Free Tier (EC2) for beginners to practice cloud virtualization.

 

By Toaa Abdullah

Q5: Does your company use open source software? Do you use web applications, native applications, or both? Provide an example or screenshot.

Yes, Amazon uses open-source software. Amazon is known for using open-source technologies and contributing to their development, particularly through AWS, or Amazon Web Services.

 

For example:

 • Linux: Most AWS servers run Linux.


• Kubernetes: Amazon provides an open-source Kubernetes service managed by Amazon EKS.

• Apache Hadoop: For processing large amounts of data.



• OpenJDK (Java): Amazon uses and supports the open-source version of Java.

• Amazon uses both native and web applications.

Q6: What are some types of new technologies? Could your company use one or more of them? How?

Examples of new or developing technologies include

Machine Learning (ML) and Artificial Intelligence (AI)

Used for fraud detection, automation, suggestions, and customer support (such as chatbots).

Blockchain Technology

Visible and secure digital ledgers for tracking supply chains, contracts, and payments.

Internet of Things

Smart, connected devices (such as Amazon Echo and Ring) that collect and share data.

Automation and Robotics

Machines that perform tasks such as warehouse management, packing, and moving goods.

Augmented Reality (AR)

Technology that overlays digital information on the physical environment (such as using an app to try on home furniture).

Amazon already uses many of these technologies and could expand further.

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